US & ASX Leading Indicators

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US Stock Market

Two axes emphasize the weekly rises and falls in the composite valuation indicator, which uses the secondary axis on the right.

US Bull/Bear & Market Valuation Indicators

US Bull-Bear

We revised the bull-bear market leading indicator at the end of April 2026 to improve responsiveness by reducing it to a composite of five key indicators. Currently, two of the five indicators signal risk-off, indicating a medium risk of a US bear market.

Bull/Bear Market Indicator

The 10-year/3-month Treasury yield spread has been positive for more than 120 days, and the S&P 500 is above its 12-month weighted moving average, confirming the risk-on signal.

Treasury Yields: 10-Year minus 3-Month

The October FOMC meeting held steady, with the Fed funds rate target range unchanged at 3.75%-4.00%. The next meeting on December 8-9 is expected to hike rates by 25 basis points. The signal remains risk-on unless there has been a rate cut in the preceding 75 days.

Fed Funds Rate Target (Upper Limit)

US heavy truck sales were revised up to 37,400 units from 33,900 in September, and the 12-month average increased to 33,200 from 32,900 in August. A 10% reversal from the May MA low of 32,500 would shift the signal from risk-off to risk-on.

Heavy Truck Sales (Units)

Heavy truck sales reflect the transportation industry's confidence in the economic outlook. A fall of more than 10% below the preceding peak signals risk-off, while a 10% rise above a trough indicates risk-on.

US Stock Pricing

US stock pricing remains at extreme levels. We changed the composition of the Forward PE and Price-to-Sales indicators at the end of April 2026, so earlier highs are not directly comparable.

US Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator's current position relative to its historical data, with results expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then average the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher the stock market price measure is relative to the historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

Warren Buffett's favorite long-term measure of stock market valuation provides a stable valuation ratio largely unaffected by fluctuating profit margins.

The stock market capitalization-to-GDP ratio is more than double its long-term average of 1.2. Values above 2.0 indicate that stock prices are dangerously high.

Buffett Indicator: Stock Market Capitalization to GDP

Robert Shiller's CAPE smooths out business-cycle effects by comparing the S&P 500 index to a 10-year average of inflation-adjusted earnings.

The recent advance on the CAPE ratio is the second-highest in history, behind only the 1999 Dotcom bubble of 44.2. Values are far above their long-term average of 22.4.

Robert Shiller's S&P 500 CAPE Ratio

Conclusion

The US Bull-Bear indicator, led by the transportation sector, flags a bear market, while the composite Stock Pricing indicator warns that stocks are extremely over-priced.

ASX Stock Market

ASX Bull/Bear & Market Valuation Indicators

ASX Bull-Bear

The ASX Bull-Bear Leading Index improved to 64%, indicating a Mild Bull Market, after the ASX 200 signaled an uptrend relative to Gold (in Australian Dollars).

ASX Bull/Bear Market Indicator

Australian leading indicators account for 40% of the ASX Leading Index, China for 20%, and the US Leading Index for the remaining 40%.

The ASX 200 Financials Index (XFJ) is above its 50-week weighted moving average, testing resistance at 10,000. A breach of primary support at 9,000 would signal risk-off.

ASX 200 Financials Index

The ASX 200 has formed a higher trough above its 50-week moving average relative to Gold, signaling an uptrend. The signal switches to risk-on until a lower peak is accompanied by a fall below the 50-week weighted moving average.

ASX 200/Gold in Australian Dollars

Performance of the ASX 200 Index relative to Gold (in Australian Dollars) reflects the real return on Australian Stocks.

The 3-month moving average of private housing approvals is well above its 20-year moving average (dotted line below), indicating a strong uptrend in the Australian housing sector.

Australian Private Housing Approvals

A cross of the 3-month MA (navy) below the 20-year MA (red) would signal risk-off.

The Chinese NBS Manufacturing PMI plunged to 49.3 in October from 50.1 in September, missing market expectations of 50. Values below 50 indicate a contraction, while a fall below 49.0 signals risk-off.

China: NBS Manufacturing PMI

ASX Stock Pricing

ASX stock pricing jumped to 79.22% from 71.70% three weeks ago. Prices are still in a downtrend, but the decline is not a buy signal.

ASX Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator's current position relative to its historical data, with results expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then average the five readings and convert that average to a percentile. The higher that stock market prices are relative to their historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

Warren Buffett's favorite long-term valuation indicator compares stock market capitalization to GDP, providing a stable ratio with a long-term mean of 1.03.

ASX Market Capitalization/GDP

The Price-to-Sales ratio for stocks in the ASX 20 uses a 20% trimmed mean to remove the highest and lowest readings, which tend to distort the average.

ASX 20 Price to Sales with 20% Trimmed Mean

The Forward Price-Earnings ratio for stocks in the ASX 20 uses a 20% trimmed mean to eliminate the highest and lowest readings. This avoids distortions of the average by outliers.

ASX 20 Forward PE with 20% Trimmed Mean

Conclusion

The ASX Bull-Bear indicator signals the early stages of a bear market, while the composite Stock Pricing indicator signals stocks are moderately over-priced. China is on bear watch after NBS Manufacturing PMI fell sharply to 49.2 in July, close to the risk-off signal.

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