US & ASX Leading Indicators

Thank you for the feedback on our new format for the weekly market snapshots, combining the four major indicators into a single post. One request was that we use a single axis for the chart below. We will display both this week. Let us know which you prefer.

US Stock Market

One axis illustrates how extreme stock pricing is, with the composite valuation indicator hovering close to 100 percent.

US Bull/Bear & Market Valuation Indicators

Two axes emphasize the weekly rises and falls in the composite valuation indicator, using the secondary axis on the right.

US Bull/Bear & Market Valuation Indicators

We have revised the bull-bear market leading indicator to improve its responsiveness, stripping it down to a composite of five key indicators. At present, two of the five indicators signal risk-off, indicating medium risk of a US bear market.

Bull/Bear Market Indicator

The Cass Freight Shipments Index 12-month moving average remains in a downtrend, signaling risk-off. The index highlights broad freight shipping levels in the mainstream economy, and a rise or fall of more than 3 basis points signals risk-on or risk-off, respectively.

Cass Freight Shipments Index

US Stock Pricing

US stock pricing remains at extreme levels. We changed the composition of the Forward PE and Price-to-Sales indicators at the end of April 2026, so earlier highs are not directly comparable.

US Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator's current position relative to its historical data, with results expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then calculate an average of the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher the stock market price measure is relative to the historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

Warren Buffett's favorite long-term measure of stock market valuation provides a stable valuation ratio largely unaffected by fluctuating profit margins.

The ratio of stock market capitalization to GDP is more than double its long-term average of 1.2. Buffett considers values above 2.0 to indicate that stock prices are dangerously high.

Buffett Indicator: Stock Market Capitalization to GDP

Robert Shiller's CAPE smoothes out business-cycle effects by comparing the S&P 500 index to a 10-year average of inflation-adjusted earnings.

The current advance on the CAPE ratio is the second-highest in history, behind only the Dotcom bubble in 1999-2000, with values far above their long-term average of 22.4.

Robert Shiller's S&P 500 CAPE Ratio

Conclusion

The US Bull-Bear indicator, led by the transportation sector, flags a bear market, while the composite Stock Pricing indicator warns that stocks are extremely over-priced.

ASX Stock Market

ASX Bull/Bear & Market Valuation Indicators

The ASX Bull-Bear Leading Index signals a mild bear market.

ASX Bull/Bear Market Indicator

Australian leading indicators have a 40% weighting in the ASX Leading Index, China 20%, and the US Leading Index carries the remaining 40%.

NAB Forward Orders recovered to zero in May 2026, but the 3-month moving average remains below zero, signaling risk-off.

NAB Forward Orders

The ASX 200 Financials Index (XFJ) is above its 50-week weighted moving average, continuing the risk-on signal.

ASX 200 Financials Index

The ASX 200 is above its 50-week moving average, but the long-term downtrend relative to Gold continues, signaling risk-off.

ASX 200/Gold in Australian Dollars

Performance of the ASX 200 Index relative to Gold (in Australian Dollars) reflects the real return on Australian Stocks.

ASX Stock Pricing

ASX stock pricing indicates that stocks are overvalued, but not near the extremes of the US market.

ASX Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator's current position relative to its historical data, with results expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then calculate an average of the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher stock market prices are relative to their historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

The All Ordinaries dividend yield is below its long-term mean of 4.1%, indicating values are on the high side. A fall below the 3.0% threshold would signal that stocks are severely overpriced.

ASX Dividend Yield

Note: Lower yields indicate higher values, so we reverse the z-score for the ASX dividend yield.

Conclusion

The ASX Bull-Bear indicator signals the early stages of a bear market, while the composite Stock Pricing indicator signals stocks are moderately over-priced.

Related Links

US & ASX Leading Indicators

We are trialing a new format for the weekly market snapshots, combining the four major indicators into a single post. Your feedback would be welcome.

US Stock Market

US Bull/Bear & Market Valuation Indicators

We have revised the bull-bear market leading indicator to improve its responsiveness, stripping it down to a composite of five key indicators. At present, two of the five indicators signal risk-off, indicating medium risk of a US bear market.

Bull/Bear Market Indicator

The Cass Freight Shipments Index 12-month moving average remains in a downtrend, signaling risk-off. The index highlights broad freight shipping levels in the mainstream economy, and a rise or fall of more than 3 basis points signals risk-on or risk-off, respectively.

Cass Freight Shipments Index

US Stock Pricing

US stock pricing remains at extreme levels. We changed the composition of the Forward PE and Price-to-Sales indicators at the end of April 2026, so earlier highs are not directly comparable.

US Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator's current position relative to its historical data, with results expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then calculate an average of the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher the stock market price measure is relative to the historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

Warren Buffett's favorite long-term measure of stock market valuation provides a stable valuation ratio largely unaffected by fluctuating profit margins.

The ratio of stock market capitalization to GDP is more than double its long-term average of 1.2. Buffett considers values above 2.0 to indicate that stock prices are dangerously high.

Buffett Indicator: Stock Market Capitalization to GDP

Robert Shiller's CAPE smoothes out business-cycle effects by comparing the S&P 500 index to a 10-year average of inflation-adjusted earnings.

The current advance on the CAPE ratio is the second-highest in history, behind only the Dotcom bubble in 1999-2000, with values far above their long-term average of 22.4.

Robert Shiller's S&P 500 CAPE Ratio

Conclusion

The US Bull-Bear indicator, led by the transportation sector, flags the early stages of a bear market, while the composite Stock Pricing indicator warns that stocks are extremely over-priced.

ASX Stock Market

ASX Bull/Bear & Market Valuation Indicators

The ASX Bull-Bear Leading Index signals a mild bear market.

ASX Bull/Bear Market Indicator

Australian leading indicators have a 40% weighting in the ASX Leading Index, China 20%, and the US Leading Index carries the remaining 40%.

NAB Forward Orders recovered to zero in May 2026, but the 3-month moving average remains below zero, signaling risk-off.

NAB Forward Orders

The ASX 200 Financials Index (XFJ) is above its 50-week weighted moving average, continuing the risk-on signal.

ASX 200 Financials Index

The ASX 200 is above its 50-week moving average, but the long-term downtrend relative to Gold continues, signaling risk-off.

ASX 200/Gold in Australian Dollars

Performance of the ASX 200 Index relative to Gold (in Australian Dollars) reflects the real return on Australian Stocks.

ASX Stock Pricing

ASX stock pricing indicates that stocks are overvalued, but not near the extremes of the US market.

ASX Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator's current position relative to its historical data, with results expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then calculate an average of the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher stock market prices are relative to their historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

The All Ordinaries dividend yield is below its long-term mean of 4.1%, indicating values are on the high side. A fall below the 3.0% threshold would signal that stocks are severely overpriced.

ASX Dividend Yield

Note: Lower yields indicate higher values, so we reverse the z-score for the ASX dividend yield.

Conclusion

The ASX Bull-Bear indicator signals the early stages of a bear market, while the composite Stock Pricing indicator signals stocks are moderately over-priced.

Related Links

US Market Snapshot

Bull/Bear Market Indicator
Stock Market Pricing Indicator

The gauge on the left indicates whether the market is in a bull or bear phase, and the indicator on the right reflects the current stock market valuation. Stock market pricing indicates whether stocks are cheap or expensive in relation to earnings, but it is a poor indicator of market timing. We do not recommend selling stocks because market valuations are high; however, we recommend exercising caution when adding new positions.

Bull/Bear Market

The Bull/Bear indicator remains at 40%, warning of a bear market ahead, with three of five indicators signaling risk-off.

Bull-Bear Market Indicator

Heavy truck sales were revised down to 25,500 units in November, with the 12-month MA falling to 35,200. Declining truck sales are now at recession levels, indicating that economic growth is slowing.

Heavy Truck Sales (Units)

Stock Pricing

Stock pricing increased to 98.57 percent, close to its October high of 98.66, and above the low of 95.04 percent in April. The extreme pricing warns that stocks are at risk of a significant drawdown.

Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator’s current position relative to its historical data, with results expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then calculate an average of the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher stock market prices are relative to their historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

Warren Buffett’s favorite stock market valuation metric compares market capitalization to nominal GDP. The ratio has reached a record high of 2.99 compared to a 50-year average of 1.18, indicating that stock market pricing is extreme.

Stock Market Capitalization/GDP

Robert Shiller’s CAPE ratio compares the S&P 500 index to a 10-year average of inflation-adjusted earnings. The current value of 40.1 is the highest outside of the 1999-2000 Dotcom bubble.

Robert Shiller's CAPE Ratio

Conclusion

The bull-bear indicator at 40% signals a bear market ahead, while extreme pricing increases the risk of a significant drawdown.

Acknowledgments

Notes

US Stock Pricing at New High

Bull/Bear Market Indicator
Stock Market Pricing Indicator

The gauge on the left indicates bull or bear market status, and the one on the right reflects stock market valuation levels. Stock market pricing indicates whether stocks are cheap or expensive relative to earnings, but it is a poor indicator of market timing. We do not recommend selling stocks because the market valuation is high. Still, we would advise investors to be circumspect about adding new positions without carefully investigating the underlying value.

Bull/Bear Market

The Bull/Bear indicator remains at 40%, warning of a bear market ahead. Updates to three market indicators (highlighted in orange below) are delayed because of the US government shutdown.

Bull-Bear Market Indicator

The Philadelphia Fed Coincident Economic Activity Index deserves mention in the absence of updates for some of our regular indicators. A decline below 2.5% typically only occurs several months ahead of a recession.

Coincident Economic Activity Index
The Chicago Fed National Financial Conditions Index continues to signal loose monetary conditions, supporting high stock prices.

Chicago Fed National Financial Conditions Index

However, a decline in bank reserves below $3.0 trillion warns that repo markets are tightening.

Commercial Bank Reserves

And Bitcoin continues to test support at 110K, warning of tighter liquidity.

Bitcoin (BTC)

Stock Pricing

Stock pricing increased to a new high of 98.66 percent, compared to an April low of 95.04 percent. The extreme reading warns that stocks are at risk of a significant drawdown.

Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator’s current position relative to its history, with the result expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then calculate an average for the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher that stock market pricing is relative to its historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

Robert Shiller’s CAPE index climbed above 40 for the first time ever outside of the Dotcom bubble. CAPE compares the S&P 500 index to a ten-year average of inflation-adjusted earnings.

S&P 500 CAPE

Conclusion

The bull-bear indicator at 40% warns of a bear market ahead, while extreme pricing increases the long-term risk of a significant drawdown.

Acknowledgments

Notes

US Stock Pricing at Extreme

Bull/Bear Market Indicator
Stock Market Pricing Indicator

The gauge on the left indicates bull or bear market status, and the one on the right reflects stock market valuation levels. Stock market pricing indicates whether stocks are cheap or expensive relative to earnings, but it is a poor indicator of market timing. We do not recommend selling stocks because the market valuation is high. Still, we would advise investors to be circumspect about adding new positions without carefully investigating the underlying value.

Bull/Bear Market

The Bull/Bear indicator remains at 40%, warning of a bear market ahead.

Bull-Bear Market Indicator

Updates to three market indicators (highlighted in orange) are delayed because of the US government shutdown.

The Chicago Fed National Index of Financial Conditions dropped to -0.559 on October 10, indicating a return to pandemic-era loose monetary conditions. NFCI values above zero indicate monetary tightening, while values below signal loose financial conditions.

Chicago Fed National Financial Conditions Index

Stock Pricing

Stock pricing increased to 98.45 percent, compared to a high of 98.56 percent two weeks ago, and an April low of 95.04 percent. The extreme reading warns that stocks are at long-term risk of a significant drawdown.

Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator’s current position relative to its history, with the result expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then calculate an average for the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher that stock market pricing is relative to its historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

Robert Shiller’s CAPE measure reached 39.20 this week, the highest ever recorded outside of the Dotcom bubble in 1999-2000.

S&P 500 CAPE

CAPE compares the S&P 500 index to a 10-year average of inflation-adjusted earnings.

Conclusion

The bull-bear indicator at 40% warns of a bear market ahead, while extreme pricing increases the long-term risk of a significant drawdown.

Acknowledgments

Notes

US bear market and extreme valuations

Bull/Bear Market Indicator
Stock Market Pricing Indicator

The gauge on the left indicates bull or bear market status, and the one on the right reflects stock market valuation levels. Stock market pricing indicates whether stocks are cheap or expensive relative to earnings, but it is a poor indicator of market timing. We do not recommend selling stocks because the market valuation is high, but we would advise investors to be circumspect about adding new positions without careful investigation of the underlying value.

Bull/Bear Market

The Bull/Bear indicator remains at 40%, warning of a bear market ahead.

Bull-Bear Market Indicator

The Chicago Fed National Financial Conditions Index declined to -0.567, indicating loose monetary conditions that will likely support stock prices.

Chicago Fed National Financial Conditions Index

However, heavy truck sales are falling, reflecting industry concerns that economic activity is slowing.

Heavy Truck Sales

Stock Pricing

Stock pricing eased to 98.27 percent, from a new high of 98.32 percent last week, and an April low of 95.04 percent. The extreme reading warns that stocks are at long-term risk of a significant drawdown.

Stock Market Value Indicator

We use z-scores to measure each indicator’s current position relative to its history, with the result expressed in standard deviations from the mean. We then calculate an average for the five readings and convert that to a percentile. The higher that stock market pricing is relative to its historical mean, the greater the risk of a sharp drawdown.

Robert Shiller’s CAPE ratio for the S&P 500 is at its highest ever level (39.20) outside of the 2000 Dotcom bubble.

Robert Shiller's CAPE Ratio

CAPE compares the current index value to a ten-year average of inflation-adjusted earnings.

Conclusion

The bull-bear indicator at 40% warns of a bear market ahead, while extreme pricing increases the long-term risk of a significant drawdown.

Acknowledgments

Notes