Dramatic fall on S&P 500 – April 16th

Apologies. I deleted this April 16th post by accident.

The S&P 500 fell 220 basis points (2.2%) on Monday, blamed variously on disappointing growth figures from China, the fall in gold, and the Boston Marathon tragedy. I still suspect that the primary cause is the tectonic shift last week by the Bank of Japan.

“Where is the fall?” you may ask, when viewing the chart below. That is what I enjoy about monthly charts: they place daily moves in perspective. Breach of support at 1540 would indicate a small secondary correction, while breakout below 1490 would signal a correction back to the primary trendline. But the primary trend remains up. Only a fall through 1350 would suggest a reversal.

S&P 500 Index

One Soviet Leader China Could Emulate…and it’s not Gorbachev | The Diplomat

Professor Minxin Pei analyzes the options facing the Chinese Communist Party:

…it appears that what informs the political thinking of China’s new leadership is the experience of the late-Soviet regime. In particular, three different leaders and their policies apparently weigh heavily on the minds of the new occupants of Zhongnanhai. Having endured a decade of political stagnation amid rapid economic growth, China’s new leaders are obviously not in a mood to try another version of the Brezhnev model, the essence of which is pretending to govern while doing nothing in reality. Yet, aware of the enormous risks of introducing democratic reforms into a sclerotic political system, they abhor the radical Gorbachev model even more.

Read more at One Soviet Leader China Could Emulate…and it’s not Gorbachev | The Diplomat.

Their problem is that the other roads lead to nowhere and eventually they will be forced to embrace democratic reform. Rather than rejecting the Gorbachev option, the CCP should analyze the process and look for ways to minimize the disruption. Gradual transition to a central governing council of 7 to 9 elected officials representing all major political parties, with the CCP initially holding the majority of seats, seems the lowest risk alternative.

Will the Chinese Be Supreme? | Ian Johnson | The New York Review of Books

Ian Johnson highlights how China’s strategic blunders have painted it into a corner:

Just as [Pre WW I] Wilhelminian Germany should surely have seen that building a blue-water navy would cause Britain to form alliances against it, so too should China understand that demanding control over islands far from its shores but close to its neighbors’ would cause a backlash. (Here one thinks not so much of the Senkaku/Diaoyus but of the shoals, reefs, and islets in the South China Sea.) Even the battle for the Senkaku/Diaoyus seems to have no satisfactory endgame for China except a permanent state of tension with its most important neighbor.

……..today the country’s tactics have left it surrounded by suspicious and increasingly hostile countries; indeed, it’s probably no exaggeration to say that China has no real allies.

Read more at Will the Chinese Be Supreme? by Ian Johnson | The New York Review of Books.

China’s Glass Ceiling | Geoff Dyer | Foreign Policy

Geoff Dyer points out why China’s Remnibi cannot compete on the international stage with the dollar, even if China’s economy grows larger than the US:

For the renminbi to assume a central role, China would also have to make massive reforms to its own economy. The key to Chinese state capitalism is control over a relatively closed financial system, which allows the Communist Party to funnel huge volumes of cheap credit to select projects, industries, and companies. But to have a truly international currency, one that the world’s central banks want to hold, China would have to let investors from around the world buy and sell large volumes of Chinese financial assets. As a result, Beijing would have to dismantle that system of controls. It would need to permit capital to flow freely in and out of the country, let the market set interest rates and allow the currency to float. An independent legal system and transparent economic policy-making would also be useful. China has a choice. It can have an international currency that might challenge the U.S. dollar or it can keep its brand of state capitalism that has driven the economy and kept the Communist Party in power. But it cannot have both.

Read more at China’s Glass Ceiling – By Geoff Dyer | Foreign Policy.

US & Asia: Contrasting economic activity

While Fedex broke through long-term resistance at $100, signaling rising activity in North America….
Fedex
The Harpex index of container shipping (charter) rates, primarily for movement of finished goods, is close to its 2009 low. There is no indication of a resurgence in exports between Asia and the West.
Harpex Container Index

Time for U.S. to Disengage from North Korea Crisis | Cato Institute

Doug Bandow suggests:

Washington should begin contemplating, within earshot of Beijing, getting out of the way of its allies if the North continues to develop nuclear weapons. The message to China should be: if your client state continues its present course, you may face a nuclear-armed Japan. If that happens, blame your buddies in Pyongyang.

Read more at Time for U.S. to Disengage from North Korea Crisis | Doug Bandow | Cato Institute.

Chinese Firms Shrug at Rising Debt | WSJ.com

DINNY MCMAHON And COLUM MURPHY at WSJ write:

Analysts at Standard Chartered PLC estimate that Chinese corporate debt was equivalent to 128% of gross domestic product by the end of 2012, up from 101% at the end of 2009. In a 2011 research paper, economists at the Bank for International Settlements found that when a country’s corporate debt exceeds 90%, it becomes a drag on growth.

Read more at Chinese Firms Shrug at Rising Debt – WSJ.com.

The China Beige Book Has Some 'Shocking' Data | CNBC

Ansuya Harjani writes:

“In the fourth quarter, we’re seeing corporate loans decline significantly, very shockingly most of our bankers say less than 20 percent of their lending goes to new loans. Most of its going to debt rollovers or increases, they are not funding expansion. That indicates that this is not a period of strong expansion,” Leland Miller, president at CBB [China Beige Book] told CNBC on Wednesday.

via The China Beige Book Has Some 'Shocking' Data.

WPR Article | Strategic Horizons: U.S. Must Change Its Thinking on Conflict in Asia

Steven Metz writes on China’s growing air-sea battle capability (or “high-intensity, regional military operations, including anti-access and area denial (A2AD) operations” in defense-analyst-speak):

Military capability is only part of the equation: China also has the motivation to use its growing military power. It has long-standing and unresolved territorial disputes with a number of Asia-Pacific nations. It remains dependent on imported energy and has shown a willingness to flex its muscle to protect access to its sources. And most of all, China seems determined to replace the United States as the dominant power in the Asia-Pacific region. To do this, it must negate U.S. military power and fill the ensuing vacuum with its own.

Read more at WPR Article | Strategic Horizons: U.S. Must Change Its Thinking on Conflict in Asia.

Pettis: Australia should be pessimistic | MacroBusiness

Michael Pettis writes about the latest Australian government White Paper Australia in the Asian Century that projects an average 7% GDP growth rate for China between 2012 and 2025:

This seems to put the Australian government among the most optimistic in the market when it comes to long-term growth expectations for China. I have always assumed that government projections should generally be on the pessimistic side to prepare for unexpected negative shocks (positive shocks can take care of themselves), but apparently not. I am glad to say that my own conversations with Australian government officials lead me to believe that this White Paper may represent the official view of the government, but it does not represent the private views of all Australian government officials…….

Read more at Pettis: Australia should be pessimistic | MacroBusiness.