By JON HILSENRATH And KRISTINA PETERSON
The Federal Reserve sent its strongest signal yet that it is preparing to take new steps to bolster the recovery, saying that measures would be needed fairly soon unless economic growth picks up substantially.
The statement was included in minutes released Wednesday from the Fed’s July 31-Aug. 1 policy meeting. The minutes also indicated that a new round of bond buying, known as quantitative easing, was high on its list of options.
By Ambrose Evans-Pritchard,
9:39PM BST 20 Aug 2012
“A currency can only be stable if its future existence is not in doubt,” said Jörg Asmussen, the powerful German member of the ECB’s executive board. He signalled full backing for the bond rescue plan of ECB chief Mario Draghi, brushing aside warnings from the German Bundesbank that large-scale purchases would amount to debt monetisation and a back-door fiscal rescue of insolvent states in breach of EU treaty law.
via Germany backs Draghi bond plan against Bundesbank – Telegraph.
In 1997 Milton Friedman commented on Bank of Japan policy following Japan’s deflationary spiral of the early 1990s:
Defenders of the Bank of Japan will say, “How? The bank has already cut its discount rate to 0.5 percent. What more can it do to increase the quantity of money?”
The answer is straightforward: The Bank of Japan can buy government bonds on the open market, paying for them with either currency or deposits at the Bank of Japan, what economists call high-powered money. Most of the proceeds will end up in commercial banks, adding to their reserves and enabling them to expand their liabilities by loans and open market purchases. But whether they do so or not, the money supply will increase.
There is no limit to the extent to which the Bank of Japan can increase the money supply if it wishes to do so. Higher monetary growth will have the same effect as always. After a year or so, the economy will expand more rapidly; output will grow, and after another delay, inflation will increase moderately. A return to the conditions of the late 1980s would rejuvenate Japan and help shore up the rest of Asia.
Austerity measures adopted in Europe are failing and central banks are likely to attempt Friedman’s option in a number of guises. Already, as Gary Shilling points out “competitive quantitative easing by central banks is now the order of the day.” The Bank of Japan last year expanded its balance sheet by 11 percent, the Federal Reserve by 19 percent, the European Central Bank by 36 percent and the Swiss National Bank by 33 percent. Even countries with relatively strong balance sheets, like Switzerland, are forced to respond to prevent appreciation of their currencies from harming exports.
Inflation will remain moderate only so long as central bank balance sheet expansion is offset by deflationary pressures from private sector deleveraging. That is the difficult task ahead: to maneuver a soft landing by balancing the two opposing forces. Failure to do so could lead to a bumpy ride.
India’s Sensex followed through after breaking resistance at 17500, confirming a primary advance to 18500*. A 13-week Twiggs Money Flow trough above zero would indicate strong buying pressure.
* Target calculation: 17.5 + ( 17.5 – 16.5 ) = 18.5
Singapore’s Straits Times Index, also in a primary up-trend, is consolidating above former resistance at 3040. Reversal below 3000 would signal a test of the lower trend channel. It is still unclear whether 63-day Twiggs Momentum will oscillate around zero, indicating a ranging market, or above zero, indicating a healthy up-trend. A trough above zero would resolve this.
Japan’s Nikkei 225 index broke through resistance at 9100, signaling a primary advance to 10000. 13-Week Twiggs Money Flow below zero continues to warn of selling pressure; recovery would confirm the advance.
* Target calculation: 9100 + ( 9100 – 8200 ) = 10000
The daily chart shows China’s Shanghai Composite Index testing support at 2100. Failure would indicate a test of the lower trend channel, while respect would test medium-term resistance at 2180. Breakout above the trend channel would warn of another bear rally. Follow-through above 2180 would confirm. Bullish divergence on 21-day Twiggs Money Flow indicates medium-term buying pressure.
* Target calculation: 2100 – ( 2180 – 2100 ) = 2020
The Hang Seng continues to consolidate above resistance at 20000. Follow-through would indicate an advance to 22000*. Rising 13-week Twiggs Money Flow suggests buying pressure.
* Target calculation: 20 + ( 20 – 18 ) = 22
Madrid General Index broke above 720 to complete a double-bottom reversal with a target of 840*. Bullish divergence on 13-week Twiggs Money Flow indicates buying pressure. Penetration of the descending trendline would strengthen the reversal signal.
* Target calculation: 720 + ( 720 – 600 ) = 840
Italian FTSE MIB Index also completed a double bottom reversal, offering a target of 16500*. Bullish divergence on 13-week Twiggs Money Flow again indicates buying pressure.
* Target calculation: 14500 + ( 14500 – 12500 ) = 16500
The FTSE 100 is headed for a test of major resistance at 6000. Expect strong resistance between 6000 and 6100 because of the number of previous peaks at this level. Breakout would offer a long-term target of 6750*. 13-Week Twiggs Money Flow oscillating above zero suggests a primary up-trend.
* Target calculation: 6000 + ( 6000 – 5250 ) = 6750
The TSX 60 broke resistance at 685 on the weekly chart, penetrating the descending trendline to signal that a bottom is forming. Bullish divergence on 63-day Twiggs Momentum suggests reversal to an up-trend. Breakout above the 2012 high of 730 would confirm.
On the monthly chart, the S&P 500 Index is testing resistance at 1420. A trough above zero on 13-week Twiggs Money Flow indicates buying pressure. Breakout above 1420 would signal an advance to the 2007 high at 1560*.
* Target calculation: 1420 + ( 1420 – 1280 ) = 1560
The Nasdaq 100 is similarly testing resistance at 2800 on the weekly chart. Breakout would offer a target of 3150*. A 63-day Twiggs Momentum trough above zero indicates continuation of the primary up-trend.
* Target calculation: 2800 + ( 2800 – 2450 ) = 3150
10-Year Treasury Yields recovered above initial resistance at 1.70 percent. Expect an attempt at the primary level of 2.40 percent. The Fed purchased $5 billion of Treasury notes/bonds (nominal) and MBS last week; so they are not the cause of the rise. Investors appear to be flowing out of Treasuries and driving stocks higher.
By Allison Bennett and Lucy Meakin – Aug 14, 2012
The strength of the Aussie is increasingly driven by reasons other than raw materials as growth slows for exports to China, its largest trading partner. Prices for iron ore delivered to the port of Tianjin have dropped to the lowest level since December 2009, according to Steel Index Ltd., and contracts for coal used to make steel may fall 11 percent to the lowest price in two years, according to a Bloomberg survey of seven analysts and industry officials.
via Correlation Breakdown as Proxies for Risk Boost Aussie, Kiwi – Bloomberg.
Since the euro’s introduction, unit labor costs have risen dramatically faster in France than they have in Germany. According to Eurostat data published in April 2011, the hourly labor cost in France was €34.2, compared to €30.1 in Germany – and nearly 20% higher than the eurozone average of €27.6. France’s current-account deficit has risen to more than 2% of GDP, even as its economic growth has ground to a halt.
The high cost of employing workers in France is due not so much to wages and benefits as it is to payroll taxes levied on employers. The entire French political class has long delighted in taxing labor to finance the country’s generous welfare provisions, thus avoiding excessively high taxation of individuals’ income and consumption – though that is about to come to an end as Hollande intends to slap a 75% tax on incomes above €1 million. This is a version of the fallacy that taxing companies (“capital”) spares ordinary people (“workers”).
via “François Hollande’s Wrong Idea of France” by Brigitte Granville | Project Syndicate.
According to the World Wildlife Federation’s 2012 Living Planet Report, at the current rate of consumption, “it is taking 1.5 years for the Earth to fully regenerate the renewable resources that people are using in a single year. Instead of living off the interest, we are eating into our natural capital.” This is a path to never-never land. Unlike with financial deficits, simple debt forgiveness is not an option.
When we deplete Earth’s bio-capacity—its capacity to support life in its many varied forms—we are not borrowing from the future; we are stealing from the future. Even though it is the most serious of all human-caused deficits, it rarely receives mention in current political debates.
