No V-shaped Recovery

Initial jobless claims in the US for the 6 weeks to April 25th exceed 30 million.

Initial Jobless Claims

That will take unemployment above 20%, with total jobs falling to levels last seen in 1997, and more job losses still to come.

Total Employment (Nonfarm Payroll)

Employment is the key to economic recovery. While unemployment is high, consumer spending will stay low and the economy will struggle. Companies may receive bailouts and the Fed will keep financial markets awash with liquidity but that does not help falling sales.

Be prepared. April employment numbers are going to be ugly. Expect some turbulence.

Consumer behavior has indelibly changed

From David Uren at The Australian:

A research study by Commonwealth chief economist Michael Blythe, which draws on surveys of the bank’s customers, backs the Reserve Bank’s view that elevated housing debt is not an imminent threat to financial stability, with the largest debts held by those best able to afford them. But Blythe shows the build-up of debt is having a significant effect on consumer behaviour, which has responded to the growth in housing wealth very differently from the housing boom in the first half of the 2000s.

…The boom has greatly increased household wealth — ABS estimates show the value of the housing stock has risen by $2 trillion over the past 4½ years. Blythe says that traditionally, households spend about 4c out of every dollar of additional wealth, however this has not occurred during the boom. Instead, households have been making net equity injections into their housing, while consumer lending indicators show no appetite to tap into accumulated wealth.

The difference in consumer behavior after the DotCom bubble and the 2008 Financial Crisis is marked. When the bubble burst in 2001 the economy went into a recession. Before long investors found another asset, real estate, that promised them effortless wealth — just add debt. The ensuing 2008 crash, on the other hand, was not a normal recession. Labeling it the Great Recession is putting lipstick on the pig. The proper name for it is a Banking Panic, as in 1907 and 1930, when the banking system threatened to implode. Faith in the entire financial system was rocked and is likely to change consumer and investor behavior for a generation. Not just a 5-year cycle.

Hat tip to Macrobusiness.

We should be careful to get out of an experience only the wisdom that is in it — and stop there; lest we be like the cat that sits down on a hot stove-lid. She will never sit down on a hot stove-lid again — and that is well; but also she will never sit down on a cold one anymore. ~ Samuel Clemens as Mark Twain

The Elusive Boost from Cheap Oil | Economic Research

Sylvain Leduc, Kevin Moran, and Robert J. Vigfusson in the FRBSF Economic Letter:

Why has consumption not responded more to cheap oil? Clearly, the U.S. economy was buffeted by headwinds over the past year, like weak foreign growth and the substantial appreciation of the dollar, that may have masked the positive effects of cheaper oil. Moreover, the decline in gas prices has been more muted than the drop in the price of oil. However, another possible reason is that the impact of changes in oil prices on the economy depends not only on the magnitude of the change, but also on its perceived persistence. Consumer spending is more likely to rise if people believe the decline in oil prices will last for a while; by contrast, if consumers think lower oil prices are not here to stay, they may simply decide to save what they don’t spend at the pump.

Figure 4: Estimated share of permanence in oil price movements

Source: Economic Research | The Elusive Boost from Cheap Oil

Real Recovery: America’s Debt is on the Decline

[A new report from the McKinsey Global Institute] estimated that home equity loans and cash-out refinancing increased consumer spending by a percentage point to 3 percent growth a year during the housing bubble years. But with that source of debt financing gone, retailers are more likely to see 2 percent annual growth over the next few years, which is about where it has been in recent months.

via Real Recovery: America’s Debt is on the Decline.

Economic Data Shows Signs of a Slowdown – NYTimes.com

WASHINGTON (Reuters) — Manufacturing slowed in February and consumer spending was flat for a third straight month in January, new economic data showed on Thursday, suggesting the economy lost more momentum than expected early this year.

……the spending and factory data cut into the optimism generated by a recent decline in the unemployment rate, and suggested rising energy prices were taking a toll.

via Economic Data Shows Signs of a Slowdown – NYTimes.com.

Income Excluding Government Transfers Drops Again – Real Time Economics – WSJ

Friday’s Commerce Department report shows that personal income indicator has declined for three consecutive months — at a 2% annual rate. In the past, such steep drops in that category have been followed, three-quarters of the time, by a recession, according to Mr. Rosenberg’s [David Rosenberg of Gluskin Sheff & Associates Inc.] research. So while consumers boosted spending in the third quarter, they pulled it off by dipping into their savings and spending government dollars, not by earning more money at work. Mr. Rosenberg says stagnant wages, plunging consumer confidence, and low expectations for wage growth are a recipe for a dramatic drop in consumer spending in coming months.

via Income Excluding Government Transfers Drops Again – Real Time Economics – WSJ.

Bernanke Defends Fed Focus on Unemployment

In an appearance before the Joint Economic Committee, Bernanke blamed slow-growing consumer spending, which accounts for 70 percent of economic activity, on persistently high unemployment and the gnawing fear among a growing number of Americans that their jobs may be at risk. After noting that the decline in home values and financial assets also contributed to decreasing confidence, he said “probably the most significant factor depressing consumer confidence, however, has been the poor performance of the job market.”

via Bernanke Defends Fed Focus on Unemployment.