Inflation Archives - Page 16 of 16 - the patient investor

October 29, 2014

Surprising lack of inflation as unemployment falls | Bank of England

Sir Jon Cunliffe, Deputy Governor for Financial Stability at the Bank of England:

“The big surprise, therefore, for the [Monetary Policy Committee] … has been the extent to which employment has been able to grow without generating more inflationary pressure through higher pay increases. Understanding why that has happened and how long it will persist is, in my view, now key to deciding policy.”

One possible explanation may be a longer-than-usual lag between falls in unemployment and pay pressure emerging, which could mean that inflationary pressure is building in the pipeline that will be more difficult to curtail if the Bank does not act now. However, another is that a combination of factors has caused labour supply – the amount of hours of labour available to the economy – to be much stronger than in previous recoveries, for example due to the increase in women’s state pension age and changes to the incapacity benefits regime. And the fall in unemployment has included a high number of long-term unemployed, who probably act as less of a drag on pay.

Yet despite the biggest squeeze on real incomes for nearly a century, there appears to be little evidence that workers are demanding a catch-up in pay, Jon observes, possibly due to a shift in the psychology of UK workers resulting from the sharpness of the recession and the years of austerity that have followed it.

August 22, 2014

Putin antics fail to impress markets

For all his macho posturing, Vladimir Putin has demonstrated an inability to move financial markets with his antics in Eastern Ukraine. His latest incursion towards Luhansk, with white-painted military trucks bearing aid to the rebel-held city, unchecked by the Red Cross, passed barely noticed. Instead markets are intently focused on nuances from a 68-year old Jewish mum at Jackson Hole, who also happens to chair the Federal Reserve.

I would have loved to call Janet Yellen a “grandmother”, but son Robert Akerlof — himself a PhD in Economics — does not claim any offspring on his CV. The apple doesn’t fall far from the tree. Husband, George Akerlof, is a Nobel prize-winning economist and professor emeritus at University of California, Berkeley.

The image below highlights the differences between the Fed and the ECB:

European unemployment is nearly twice the rate in the U.S.: http://t.co/ELXH1YcCcw pic.twitter.com/i5FQ1YvXBk

— Bloomberg News (@BloombergNews) August 22, 2014

The Fed’s more stimulatory approach has paid dividends in terms of economic growth and employment while inflation expectations remain muted. The inflation breakeven rate — 10-year Treasury yield minus the yield on equivalent inflation-indexed securities — continues to range between 2.0% and 2.50%.

Inflation breakeven rate

The ECB’s more austere approach, on the other hand, has caused a world of pain.

Market update

S&P 500 tests 2000.
VIX continues to indicate a bull market.
DAX hesitant rally.
China bullish.
ASX 200 faces strong resistance.

The S&P 500 hesitated after making a new high on Thursday, but there was no dramatic fall in response to news from Eastern Ukraine. Expect retracement towards 1950, followed by another test of 2000. 21-Day Twiggs Money Flow is likely to re-test the zero line, but respect would indicate strong buying pressure. Breach of support at 1900, warning of a reversal, remains unlikely.

S&P 500

* Target calculation: 1500 + ( 1500 – 750 ) = 2250

Declining CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) indicates low risk, typical of a bull market.

S&P 500 VIX

Germany’s DAX rallied above 9300 on the weekly chart, but 13-week Twiggs Money Flow warns of continued selling pressure. Reversal below support at 8900/9000 would warn of a primary down-trend.

DAX

* Target calculation: 9000 – ( 10000 – 9000 ) = 8000

Shanghai Composite Index is testing resistance at 2250. Breakout would confirm a primary up-trend, signaling an advance to 2500*. Rising 13-week Twiggs Money Flow indicates medium-term buying pressure. Respect of resistance, however, would suggest further consolidation.

Shanghai Composite Index

* Target calculation: 2250 + ( 2250 – 2000 ) = 2500

Tall wicks on ASX 200 daily candles indicate strong resistance at 5650. Respect would suggest retracement to 5550, while follow-through would be a strong bull signal, suggesting an advance to 5850*. Another 21-day Twiggs Money Flow trough above zero would indicate long-term buying pressure. Reversal below 5450 is unlikely, but would warn of a test of primary support.

ASX 200

* Target calculation: 5650 + ( 5650 – 5450 ) = 5850

August 22, 2014

Paul Krugman: Hawks Crying Wolf | NYTimes.com

According to a recent report in The Times, there is dissent at the Fed: “An increasingly vocal minority of Federal Reserve officials want the central bank to retreat more quickly” from its easy-money policies, which they warn run the risk of causing inflation…

…The Times article singles out for special mention Charles Plosser of the Philadelphia Fed, who is, indeed, warning about inflation risks. But you should know that he warned about the danger of rising inflation in 2008. He warned about it in 2009. He did the same in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. He was wrong each time, but, undaunted, he’s now doing it again…

July 17, 2014

Gold retreats as Dollar strengthens

Treasury yields remain weak
The Dollar strengthens
Inflation looks weak despite rising TIPS spread
Gold retreats

Interest Rates and the Dollar

The yield on ten-year Treasury Notes continues to test support at 2.50 percent. Failure would indicate a decline to 2.00 percent; follow-through below 2.40 would confirm. 13-Week Twiggs Momentum below zero continues to warn of a primary down-trend. Recovery above 2.65 is less likely, but would suggest the correction is over, with a medium-term target of 2.80 and long-term of 3.00 percent.

10-Year Treasury Yields

* Target calculation: 2.50 – ( 3.00 – 2.50 ) = 2.00

The Dollar Index found short-term support at 80.00. Follow-through above 80.50 indicates another test of 81.00. Recovery of 13-week Twiggs Momentum suggests a primary up-trend. Breakout above 81.00 would strengthen the signal; above 81.50 would confirm. Breach of 80.00 is unlikely at present, but would warn of another test of primary support at 79.00.

Dollar Index

Low interest rates and a stronger dollar suggest inflation expectations are falling, but this is not yet evident on the TIPS spread (10-Year Treasury Yields minus 10-Year Inflation-Indexed Yields).

10-Year Treasury Yields minus 10-Year Inflation Indexed (TIPS) Yields

Gold

Gold is nonetheless falling, in line with weaker inflation expectations. Follow-through below $1300 would test support at $1240. And breach of $1240 would threaten another primary decline, with a target of $1000*. Oscillation of 13-week Twiggs Momentum around zero, however, suggests hesitancy, with no strong trend. Recovery above $1350 is unlikely at present, but would indicate another test of $1400/$1420.

Spot Gold

* Target calculation: 1200 – ( 1400 – 1200 ) = 1000

July 15, 2014March 22, 2021

Ray Dalio: The Economic Machine and Beautiful Deleveraging

Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater Associates, released a 30 minute video in 2013, explaining his template of the economy and how central banks and government should manage a deleveraging like the Great Recession and its after-effects.

Ray proposes three simple rules to avoid future crises:

Don’t let debt grow faster than income (GDP) otherwise it will eventually crush you;
Don’t let income grow faster than productivity otherwise you will become uncompetitive in international markets; and
Do all that you can to raise productivity because in the long run that’s what matters most.

What is productivity and how do we measure it?

Productivity is the result of hard work and innovation, both of these factors will increase the level of output (GDP) per unit of input.

We measure productivity by comparing GDP to units of input, either:

the population of a country;
the number of hours worked; or
the number of people employed.

Index

Each will give a different perspective, but there are a few general rules:

countries with high technology and innovation (e.g. Germany or USA) show high productivity;
as do resource-rich countries with big extraction industries (like Norway and Australia); and
countries with low tax regimes (Singapore and Ireland) which attract transient income.

July 2, 2014

Gold rallies as inflation expectations rise

Overview:

Treasury yields are recovering
Inflation expectations rise
The Dollar weakens
Gold rallies

Interest Rates and the Dollar

The yield on ten-year Treasury Notes found support at 2.50 percent. Recovery above 2.65 would suggest the correction is over, offering a medium-term target of 2.80 and long-term of 3.00 percent. 13-Week Twiggs Momentum below zero continues to indicate weakness. Reversal below 2.40 would signal a decline to 2.00 percent* — confirmed if yield follows through below 2.40 percent.

10-Year Treasury Yields

* Target calculation: 2.50 – ( 3.00 – 2.50 ) = 2.00

Long-term inflation expectations, indicated by 10-Year Treasury Yields minus 10-Year Inflation-Indexed (TIPS) Yields below, turned upward after 12-month CPI jumped to 1.8 percent in May, but are still range-bound between 2.0 and 2.50 percent.

10-Year Treasury Yields minus 10-Year Inflation Indexed (TIPS) Yields

The Dollar Index continues to head for primary support at 79.00 after retreating below 80.50. Respect of zero by 13-week Twiggs Momentum warns of continuation of the primary down-trend. Recovery above 80.50 is unlikely at present, but would suggest an advance to 81.50.

Dollar Index

Gold

Gold is testing medium-term resistance at $1325/$1330. Breakout would signal a test of $1400. Recovery of 13-week Twiggs Momentum above zero hints at a primary up-trend; breakout above $1400 would confirm. Retreat below $1280 is unlikely, but would warn of the opposite; confirmed if support at $1240 is breached.

Spot Gold

July 1, 2014

Will Inflation Remain Low? | FRBSF

From Yifan Cao and Adam Shapiro at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco:

The well-known Phillips curve suggests that future inflation depends on current and past inflation and a measure of economic slack or resource utilization. Using the unemployment gap to measure slack, a simple Phillips curve currently predicts that inflation will remain quite low through 2015. Two variations of the model, which impose a higher anchor for inflation expectations or focus only on a short-term unemployment gap, still predict that inflation will remain low, albeit higher than implied by the basic model.

June 27, 2014

US inflation: Will the recent uptrend persist?

From Elliot Clarke at Westpac:

…it seems as though these price movements have not been driven by demand. This is particularly true for food services, which has seen growth in consumption volumes fall from 5.3% in November to –0.6% in May. Housing and utility demand has remained highly volatile, but there was no evidence of a ‘break out’ move in this component of personal consumption in early 2014, and growth has since slumped back to 0.2%. This is not to say that rents have not contributed materially to the level of housing inflation in recent years; more below.

This then points to an exogenous shock being to blame for the recent jump. Further, the coincident nature of the inflation uptrends for food and housing services alludes to a common cause: the cost of energy. The 6.1% gain in total PCE energy prices from April 2013 to May 2014 corroborates this belief. To the extent that shifts in energy costs typically prove temporary, this inflationary impulse will likely dissipate in coming months – leaving aside current geopolitical concerns.

May 4, 2013October 5, 2017

Blame del Pont for the nightmarish rise in Argentine inflation | The Market Monetarist

Lars Christensen cites MercoPress on hyper-inflation in Argentina:

Because of inflation, people collect their salaries and rush to turn them into foreign currency”, added the money traders…

He observes:

The collapse of the peso should be no surprise to anybody who have studied Milton Friedman. Unfortunately Argentina’s central bank governor Mercedes Marcó del Pont hates Milton Friedman, but she loves printing money to finance public spending.